When data is encoded using Base64, each group of three bytes from the original binary data is represented as four ASCII characters. To decode the Base64-encoded data, these ASCII characters are converted back into their original binary form.
Base64 decoding involves the following steps:
- Each ASCII character in the Base64-encoded data is mapped to its corresponding 6-bit value according to the Base64 encoding table.
- These 6-bit values are then concatenated together to form a stream of bits.
- The stream of bits is divided into 8-bit bytes to reconstruct the original binary data.
After decoding, the original binary data is recovered, which can then be used for its intended purpose.
Base64 decoding is commonly used in applications where data encoded in Base64 needs to be converted back into its original form, such as decoding attachments in email messages or processing data received over text-based protocols like JSON or XML.